【線上講座】Climate Change in a time of COVID-19: Living and Transforming the Syndemic in the Navajo Nation

This presentation examines Indigenous Navajo (Diné) apprehensions of the recent collision of three threats to life: contamination, climate change, COVID-19. Though seemingly separate and distinct, the collision of these three in 2020 revealed a true syndemic: the triple threat was, in fact, an entanglement of historically produced conditions. This syndemic is most apparent through the analytic of water, as a fluvial force that transports life and death in the high desert plateau where the Navajo Nation exists. Extreme drought in the US Southwest in recent years has created precarious conditions for human and animal life as natural water resources rapidly dwindle. At the same time, many of these water resources are contaminated from decades of intensive extraction of energy minerals, primarily uranium for Cold War weapons production and, later, coal and natural gas for power generation for export to the urbanizing greater Southwest. Moreover, one-third of Diné households have no access to potable water, exposing the 2020 mandate to “wash hands” to ward off the virus, as an infrastructural and political problem. This presentation examines Diné apprehensions of the syndemic through intertextual and visual media, Powell’s collaborative ethnographic research, and materials published in the public domain, arguing that the Navajo Nation offers a microcosm for understanding how sovereignty-centered strategies of resilience are required to mitigate and transform a triple threat of peculiar historic conditions.
 
Note: research for this project has been undertaken in consultation with Diné leaders and with a tribal research permit from the Navajo Nation Department of Historic Preservation.

Dr. Dana E. Powell is a cultural and environmental anthropologist whose work seeks to understand lived experiences of environmental risk, extractive industry, and ongoing processes of colonialism in Native North America and in the Navajo Nation, in particular. Powell’s scholarly interests emerged from her work within feminist and indigenous social movements and those relationships and commitments sustain her ongoing research agenda in energy and environmental humanities. Powell is Associate Professor of Anthropology at Appalachian State University, where she designed and directs the Department’s undergraduate program in Social Practice and Sustainability.
 
In her first book, Landscapes of Power: Politics of Energy in the Navajo Nation (Duke University Press, 2018), Powell explores the rise and fall of the controversial Desert Rock Power Plant initiative in New Mexico and its impacts on public debates over science and technology, generating new tensions among varying interpretations of sovereignty, expertise, and development. She has also published in the Journal of Political Ecology, Anthropological Quarterly, Collaborative Anthropologies, and various edited volumes. Her most recent project examines the creation of solidarities and urban infrastructures in the resistance to the Dakota Access Pipeline in Standing Rock, North Dakota.

阿帕拉契州立大學環境人類學者Powell教授，她在演講中分享觀察Navajo族人當下的三重生存危機：污染、氣候變遷與Covid-19。她認為，「水」恰可為理解此些威脅的媒介。
她提到了幾個重點：
第一，晚近發生在美國西南的嚴峻乾旱危及當地人與動植物的生存。
第二，當地的許多水源已在數十年來的核子試爆、火力與天然氣發電中遭到嚴重污染。
第三，當地供水的基礎設施不足，讓當地人連「多洗手」這最簡單的防疫措施都做不到。那麼，該怎麼做？Powell分享了她與當地人做的計劃。她認為，Navajo族人與對抗威脅的經驗，凸顯「主權為中心」（sovereignty-centered），實為可增進原住民族社會韌性的策略。
有興趣的同學可參考以下連結：